In recent years, my country's fastener industry has maintained rapid development, with production, sales and nationalization increasing continuously. Fasteners are widely used in various fields such as machinery, equipment, vehicles, ships, railways, bridges, buildings, structures, tools and instruments, and are closely related to the development of equipment manufacturing industry. With the stable development of my country's economy, the demand for downstream industries of fasteners continues to increase, and with the strong support of national policies, the scale of the fastener market will continue to rise. In 2019, the overall market scale of China's fasteners will reach 138 billion yuan. High-end fasteners are mainly concentrated in the fields of aerospace, high-speed rail, wind power, nuclear power, automobiles and ships, which mostly belong to my country's high-end equipment manufacturing industry. In recent years, my country's high-end equipment manufacturing industry has developed rapidly, driving the stable development of high-end fastener manufacturing industry. As early as 2013, the output value of high-end equipment manufacturing industries such as intelligent manufacturing, high-speed rail transportation, and marine engineering in my country accounted for more than 10% of the equipment manufacturing industry. High-end equipment manufacturing industry is at the high end of the value chain and the core link of the industrial chain. It is a strategic emerging industry that determines the comprehensive competitiveness of the entire industrial chain. It is the embodiment of my country's core industrial competitiveness and has been strongly supported by the country. The market size of high-end fasteners will continue to rise with the rapid development of industries such as aerospace, satellites and applications, rail transit equipment, marine engineering equipment, nuclear power, wind power and automobiles. In 2019, the market size of high-end fasteners in China will reach 59 billion yuan.
Compared with the advanced level of foreign countries, the technical level of my country's fastener industry is still far behind, mainly in production equipment and raw materials. Most of my country's fastener manufacturers are small in scale, backward in production technology, poor in equipment, slow in process innovation, and poor in surface treatment, which leads to an overcapacity of low-level products in my country's fastener industry, while high-end fastener products are in short supply; in addition, the variety, specification and quality of domestic fastener steel cannot fully meet the requirements of the fastener industry, resulting in the process that should have been solved in the metallurgical industry being transferred to fastener enterprises. At present, only a few enterprises can solve this problem with their own strong comprehensive strength.
Innovative fastener technology is the support for the development of fasteners, and the trend of technological development determines the direction of industrial development to a considerable extent. The core technology of fasteners is not only to accelerate the research and development of special steel grades, but also the integration of technical details and know-how in the manufacturing, testing and heat treatment of fasteners. In the future, my country's fastener technology will gradually approach the advanced level of foreign countries in terms of material selection, structural design, manufacturing process, special process, testing technology, surface coating technology and quality control. At the same time, the intelligent, integrated and extraordinary development of production and manufacturing will also be the main trend of industry technology development.
1. Intelligent manufacturing is a new manufacturing model for fasteners and is the inevitable result of the development of automation, digitization, networking and intelligence in mechanical manufacturing. With the continuous increase in labor costs, the continuous improvement of product quality requirements, and the increasing diversity of demand, the demand for intelligent manufacturing in the fastener industry is becoming more and more urgent. Intelligent manufacturing will greatly improve the productivity and benefits of fasteners, reduce the labor costs of enterprises, improve the working environment and labor intensity of workers, and improve product quality and reliability. Intelligent manufacturing includes the intelligence of manufacturing processes and the intelligence of equipment. The intelligence of manufacturing processes requires the development of various intelligent manufacturing systems, automated or intelligent production lines, and then the construction of digital workshops, digital factories and digital enterprises. The intelligence of equipment requires enterprises to increase investment in scientific and technological research and development and technological innovation, and improve the production capacity and production matching of production equipment. The key technical problems to be overcome in the intelligent manufacturing of fasteners in the next few years include: automated intelligent cold heading precision forming technology, cold heading machine technology and equipment for large-size fasteners, precision forming technology for fasteners with complex shapes, automated logistics equipment and automated heat treatment production lines.
2. Fusion manufacturing Fusion is the cross-integration of multiple disciplines and the combination of multiple processes. It is a trend in the new era. The integration of mechanical manufacturing technology, information technology and various high-tech technologies, the integration of machinery and materials, and the integration of technology and culture will continuously inject new vitality into the development of fasteners. The application of fusion technology will produce new fastener components, manufacturing processes, processing equipment and systems, greatly enriching the product system of fasteners and expanding the functions of products.
In addition, process integration and integrated innovation are particularly worth mentioning in fusion manufacturing. Process integration refers to the integration of multiple processes and multiple procedures into one device, which greatly reduces the process links and site occupation, improves work efficiency, and thus improves product quality. Integrated innovation is an innovative activity that transforms various integrations into scientific and technological achievements and productivity. It is an important way of fusion manufacturing and the main type of current fastener technology innovation. It can be foreseen that in the near future, fasteners will have many innovative achievements in fusion manufacturing, which will directly promote the rapid development of fastener industry technology.
3. Extraordinary manufacturing With the expansion of people's living space and the rapid development of technology, the requirements for fasteners are getting higher and higher. Fasteners used in extremely large, extremely small, ultra-high temperature, ultra-low temperature, ultra-high speed and ultra-low speed are emerging in an endless stream. The process technology for manufacturing these fasteners is very different from that of ordinary fasteners. Extraordinary manufacturing includes two meanings: one is to manufacture fastener products used in extraordinary conditions; the other is the process and technology for manufacturing these fastener products. It can be foreseen that in the future, ultra-precision manufacturing, ultra-high performance product manufacturing and extraordinary forming technology will be the symbol of the level of fastener manufacturing, and will also become the focus of research and development of high-end fastener manufacturers.